kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\nV\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn?<\/h2>\n
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V\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 v\u0103n ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u. T\u1ea1i Trung Hoa, v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed (551-479 TCN). \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00e0y nay, v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
1. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/h2>\n
Hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t, v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c l\u1eadp cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hay trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m, lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n
2.V\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft ra nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y xu th\u1ebf h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\u00a0 Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn trong nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, v\u1eeba ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tinh th\u1ea7n qu\u1ed1c gia, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n