{"id":4669,"date":"2020-04-20T16:03:44","date_gmt":"2020-04-20T09:03:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/?post_type=kb&p=4669"},"modified":"2020-04-20T16:03:44","modified_gmt":"2020-04-20T09:03:44","slug":"tinh-chat-va-ung-dung-cua-clo","status":"publish","type":"kb","link":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/kb\/tinh-chat-va-ung-dung-cua-clo\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Clo"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Clo<\/h2>\n

Clo – CL<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t halogen v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u1eady Clo c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ra sao, nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a clo trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/strong> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf clo nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? M\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi bacdau.vn<\/strong> \u0111i gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y nh\u00e9!\"\"<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 Clo<\/h3>\n

+ V\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Clo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phi kim, n\u1eb1m trong nh\u00f3m halogen. Khi n\u1eb1m trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng, clo c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00ed, c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 m\u00f9i c\u1ee7a clo v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1eafc. Clo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t halogen v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 Brom – Br.<\/p>\n

– Khi Clo \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, Cl c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng =71, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, clo n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, clo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 tan m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c dung m\u00f4i h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/p>\n

– Tuy nhi\u00ean, Clo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t khi \u1edf d\u1ea1ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng mu\u1ed1i clorua hay mu\u1ed1i \u0103n NaCl v\u00e0 KCL, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 cacnalit v\u00e0 xinvinit.<\/p>\n

+ Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u1edf tr\u00ean bacdau.vn \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng, Clo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phi kim cho n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng oxi ho\u00e1 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c oxi ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Clo th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 +1, +3, +5 hay +7 ..<\/p>\n

– Khi Clo t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra mu\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 t\u00ean mu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 halogenua. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, clo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kim lo\u1ea1i, lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Au v\u00e0 Pt.<\/p>\n

VD: 2Na+Cl2\u21922NaCl<\/em><\/p>\n

2Fe+3Cl2\u21922FeCl3<\/em><\/p>\n

– Khi Clo t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Hidro ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed. VD nh\u01b0 H2+CL2=2HCL , v\u00e0 khi HCL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0 tan v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t axit.<\/p>\n

– Khi Clo t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra HCL v\u00e0 HCLO, \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng 2 chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

– Khi Clo t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u1eed m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 Flo hay Brom<\/p>\n

VD: 2FeCl2+Cl2\u21922FeCl3<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf Clo<\/h3>\n

+ Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf Clo trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng HCL t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 oxi ho\u00e1 cao Nh\u01b0 Mn02 hay KMnO4, K2Cr207 v\u00e0 KCL03 …<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: MnO2+4HCl\u2192MnCl2+Cl2+2H2O<\/em><\/p>\n

2KMnO4+16HCl\u21922KCl+2MnCl2+5Cl2+6H2O<\/em><\/p>\n

+ Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf clo trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u01b0\u1eddit ta s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y mu\u1ed1i Natri clorua.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: 2NaCl\u21922Na+Cl2 <\/em><\/p>\n

Hay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 m\u00e0ng ng\u0103n.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: 2NaCl+2H2O\u2192H2+2NaOH+Cl2<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Clo trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a CLO<\/strong> l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ef1a PVC, hay c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ebbo cao su. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, Clo l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t oxi ho\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t. Clo c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc javen \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Clo th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i,<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, cho n\u00ean khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Clo th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 cho s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

Hi v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chia s\u1ebb tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd, ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Clo trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/strong>. Hi v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi gian vui v\u1ebb b\u00ean BacDau.Vn<\/strong> nh\u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Clo – CL l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t halogen v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u1eady Clo c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ra sao, nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a clo trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf clo nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? M\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi bacdau.vn \u0111i gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4671,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"kbtopic":[764],"kbtag":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/4669"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4669"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/4669\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4671"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kbtopic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kbtopic?post=4669"},{"taxonomy":"kbtag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kbtag?post=4669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}