{"id":4666,"date":"2020-04-20T16:02:04","date_gmt":"2020-04-20T09:02:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/?post_type=kb&p=4666"},"modified":"2020-04-20T16:02:04","modified_gmt":"2020-04-20T09:02:04","slug":"dac-diem-cua-phi-kim","status":"publish","type":"kb","link":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/kb\/dac-diem-cua-phi-kim\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Phi Kim"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Phi Kim<\/h2>\n

Phi Kim v\u00e0 Kim Lo\u1ea1i<\/strong> l\u00e0 2 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 trong ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay. V\u1eady Phi kim l\u00e0 g\u00ec? c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ra sao? M\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi bacdau.vn<\/strong> \u0111i gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Phi Kim<\/h3>\n

– Phi kim<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c electron, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ra Hidro. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Phi kim n\u1eb1m b\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phi kim l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, cho n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 Cacbon hay Graphit – 2 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n … Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 phi kim nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00e0 phi kim th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a phi kim: Kh\u00ed hi\u1ebfm, halogen, \u00e1 kim …<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Phi kim<\/h3>\n

+ V\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Nh\u01b0 bacdau.vn<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau \u1edf tr\u00ean th\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c phi kim \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c phi kim \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (Br), r\u1eafn (C,S,P…) hay kh\u00ed (Cl2, O2, H2 …). \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c phi kim \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 Clo hay Brom.<\/p>\n

+ Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Khi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Hidro<\/strong> th\u00ec c\u00e1c phi kim s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: H2+Cl2\u21922HCl (kh\u00ed)<\/em>
\nH2+Br2\u21922HBr<\/em><\/p>\n

– Khi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i<\/strong> ( \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Phi kim). H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c phi kim khi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra mu\u1ed1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi oxi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c oxit. V\u00e0 c\u00e1c oxit n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 oxit.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: 2Na+Cl2\u21922NaCl<\/em><\/p>\n

– Khi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi kim kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra oxit axit<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: S+O2\u2192SO2 <\/em>
\nC+O2\u2192CO2<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Khung ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phi kim<\/h3>\n

Trong b\u1ea3ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 phi kim c\u00f3 khung ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong \u0111\u00f3 Flo l\u00e0 phi kim c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 oxi, clo l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phi kim ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c phi kim ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, photpho, cacbon, silic<\/p>\n

Hi v\u1ecdng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chia s\u1ebb tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Phi Kim<\/strong>. Hi v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi gian vui v\u1ebb b\u00ean BacDau.Vn<\/strong> nh\u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Phi Kim v\u00e0 Kim Lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 2 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 trong ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay. V\u1eady Phi kim l\u00e0 g\u00ec? c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ra sao? M\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi bacdau.vn \u0111i gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4667,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"kbtopic":[764],"kbtag":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/4666"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4666"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/4666\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4666"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kbtopic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kbtopic?post=4666"},{"taxonomy":"kbtag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kbtag?post=4666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}