![\"phan-ung-hoa-hoc-khu-1\"](\"http:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/phan-ung-hoa-hoc-khu-1.jpg\")
<\/p>\nPh\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbp 10. Th\u00f4ng qua n\u1ed9i dung ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kh\u00ed cacbonic gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng oxi, s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1,\u2026 V\u1eady ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin g\u00ec v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
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Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi ho\u00e1 kh\u1eed c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. B\u1edfi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7i, s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong,… Ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 luy\u1ec7n gang, th\u00e9p,…, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 v\u1eady, song r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/span>? Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn xung quanh ch\u00fang ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n electron gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed hay d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u00f3a bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i oxi h\u00f3a thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n giao \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (electron) gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b> x\u1ea3y ra bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed, ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a, s\u1ef1 kh\u1eed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 oxi h\u00f3a. Theo \u0111\u00f3:<\/span><\/p>\n – Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed (ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb oxi h\u00f3a) l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0\u1eddng electron. Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a t\u0103ng.<\/span><\/p>\n – Ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a (ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb kh\u1eed) l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t thu electron. Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, s\u1ed1 oxi ho\u00e1 gi\u1ea3m.<\/span><\/p>\n – S\u1ef1 oxi ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng electron hay l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 oxi ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n – S\u1ef1 kh\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadn electron hay l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 oxi ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 4 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed.<\/span><\/p>\n 2Mg \u00a0+ O<\/span>2<\/span> \u2192 \u00a0\u00a02MgO<\/span><\/p>\n Qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Mg t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 0 l\u00ean +2, Mg nh\u01b0\u1eddng electron. S\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a oxi gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 0 xu\u1ed1ng -2, oxi nh\u1eadn electron. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a l\u00e0 oxi, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed l\u00e0 Mg. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Mg nh\u01b0\u1eddng electron l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi h\u00f3a Mg.<\/span><\/p>\n Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/p>\n Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b> x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0\u1eddng electron v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn electron. V\u00ec v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 oxi ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1eed bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean ghi nh\u1edb quy t\u1eafc: Kh\u1eed cho \u2013 O nh\u1eadn. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t cho electron, ch\u1ea5t oxi h\u00f3a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn electron.<\/span><\/p>\n C\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i sau:<\/span><\/p>\n – Lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed. Trong \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxi ho\u00e1 \u1edf hai ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n – Lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: V\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxi ho\u00e1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n – Lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi ho\u00e1 n\u1ed9i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi h\u00f3a v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi 2 lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng trong c\u00f9ng 1 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y). Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxi ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed \u1edf trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, ion hay c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hay ion c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n – Lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 oxi ho\u00e1 kh\u1eed: B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 oxi ho\u00e1 kh\u1eed l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t oxi ho\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n – Lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p: V\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxi ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1eed ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb 3 tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i ph\u00e2n t\u1eed hay ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 oxi ho\u00e1 kh\u1eed.<\/span><\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u00f9y theo lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a m\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng x\u1ea3y ra kh\u00e1c nhau. Do \u0111\u00f3, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u1eady s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b> l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a. Do \u0111\u00f3, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong <\/span>c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n S\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a 1 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, n\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ion. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (\u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c) trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, n\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p electron chung coi nh\u01b0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u1eb3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n L\u01b0u \u00fd: B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1ea5u \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf tr\u00ean k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1. Khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc sau:<\/span><\/p>\n Quy t\u1eafc 1: S\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n Quy t\u1eafc 2: Trong 1 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng 0.<\/span><\/p>\n Quy t\u1eafc 3: S\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ion \u0111\u01a1n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ion \u0111\u00f3 . Trong ion \u0111a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ion.<\/span><\/p>\n Quy t\u1eafc 4: Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t, s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a H b\u1eb1ng +1 , tr\u1eeb 1 s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 kim lo\u1ea1i (NaH, CaH<\/span>2<\/span> \u2026). S\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a O b\u1eb1ng \u20132 tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p OF<\/span>2<\/span>, peoxit (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n H<\/span>2<\/span>O<\/span>2<\/span>,\u2026).<\/span><\/p>\n B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong<\/span> ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b><\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n cho r\u1eb1ng, trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, <\/span>c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t. Th\u1eadt ra, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n + B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/p>\n + B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u00e3y l\u1eadp th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng electron b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n h\u00ea\u0323 s\u00f4\u0301 sao cho: T\u00f4\u0309ng s\u00f4\u0301 electron cho b\u1eb1ng t\u00f4\u0309ng s\u00f4\u0301 electron nh\u00e2\u0323n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00f4\u0309ng s\u00f4\u0301 oxi ho\u0301a gia\u0309m b\u1eb1ng t\u00f4\u0309ng s\u00f4\u0301 oxi ho\u0301a t\u0103ng.<\/span><\/p>\n + \u00a0B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n * L\u01b0u \u00fd: Khi c\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n electron.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/b><\/p>\n C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y theo d\u00f5i nh\u00e9! <\/span><\/p>\n C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: FeS + HNO<\/span>3<\/span> \u2013> Fe(NO<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>3<\/span> + N<\/span>2<\/span>O + H<\/span>2<\/span>SO<\/span>4<\/span> + H<\/span>2<\/span>O<\/span><\/p>\n Theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean, ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a<\/span><\/p>\n Fe<\/span>+2<\/span> \u2013> Fe<\/span>+3<\/span><\/p>\n S<\/span>-2<\/span> \u2013> S<\/span>+6<\/span><\/p>\n N<\/span>+5 <\/span>\u2013> N<\/span>+1<\/span><\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: L\u1eadp th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng electron<\/span><\/p>\n Fe<\/span>+2<\/span> \u2013> Fe<\/span>+3<\/span> + 1e<\/span><\/p>\n S<\/span>-2<\/span> \u2013> S<\/span>+6<\/span> + 8e<\/span><\/p>\n FeS \u2013> Fe<\/span>+3<\/span> + S<\/span>+6<\/span> + 9e<\/span><\/p>\n 2N<\/span>+5<\/span> + 8e \u2013> 2N<\/span>+1<\/span><\/p>\n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: C\u00f3 8FeS v\u00e0 9N<\/span>2<\/span>O.<\/span><\/p>\n B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p>\n 8FeS + 42HNO<\/span>3<\/span> \u2013> 8Fe(NO<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>3<\/span> + 9N<\/span>2<\/span>O + 8H<\/span>2<\/span>SO<\/span>4<\/span> + 13H<\/span>2<\/span>O<\/span><\/p>\n B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Do v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y t\u1eadp l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh theo c\u00e1ch tr\u00ean. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b> t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Hy v\u1ecdng, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbp 10. Th\u00f4ng qua n\u1ed9i dung ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 kh\u00ed cacbonic gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng oxi, s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1,\u2026 V\u1eady ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin g\u00ec v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4586,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"kbtopic":[764],"kbtag":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/4585"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4585"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/4585\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kbtopic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kbtopic?post=4585"},{"taxonomy":"kbtag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kbtag?post=4585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b><\/h2>\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/h3>\n
D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/b><\/h3>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed<\/b><\/h3>\n
Quy t\u1eafc nh\u1edb<\/b><\/h3>\n
Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/b><\/h3>\n
![\"phan-ung-hoa-hoc-khu-3\"](\"http:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/phan-ung-hoa-hoc-khu-3.jpg\")
<\/p>\n S\u1ed1 oxi h\u00f3a<\/b><\/h3>\n
C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/b><\/h2>\n
![\"phan-ung-hoa-hoc-khu-4\"](\"http:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/phan-ung-hoa-hoc-khu-4.jpg\")
<\/p>\n