{"id":4574,"date":"2020-04-20T14:21:51","date_gmt":"2020-04-20T07:21:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/?post_type=kb&p=4574"},"modified":"2020-04-20T16:28:57","modified_gmt":"2020-04-20T09:28:57","slug":"https-bacdau-vn-phan-ung-trang-guong-nhung-kien-thuc-can-biet","status":"publish","type":"kb","link":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/kb\/https-bacdau-vn-phan-ung-trang-guong-nhung-kien-thuc-can-biet\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng: Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c xung quanh ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. <\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1eb7p h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, h\u00e0ng gi\u1edd trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5u h\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y. Hy v\u1ecdng th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 este, andehit,… Trong \u0111\u00f3, thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed d\u00f9ng cho ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch AgNO<\/span>3<\/span> trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng NH<\/span>3<\/span>. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 AgNO<\/span>3<\/span>\/NH<\/span>3<\/span>. \u00a0Hi\u1ec7n nay lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ru\u1ed9t ph\u00edch, g\u01b0\u01a1ng,..<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u1ed1i trung h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1edbp 12. B\u1edfi, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp h\u00f3a h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp. V\u1eady, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/b><\/h2>\n

\"phan-ung-trang-guong-1\"<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b> c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng b\u1ea1c<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a an\u0111ehit. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c an\u0111ehit khi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi AgNO<\/span>3<\/span> ho\u1eb7c Ag<\/span>2<\/span>O trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng NH<\/span>3<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra Ag. V\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, an\u0111ehit s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u1eed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

R(CHO)<\/span>n<\/span> + 2nAgNO<\/span>3<\/span> + 3nNH<\/span>3<\/span> + nH<\/span>2<\/span>O \u2192 R(COONH4)<\/span>n<\/span> + nNH<\/span>4<\/span>NO<\/span>3<\/span> + 2nAg<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b><\/h2>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed d\u00f9ng cho <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b> l\u00e0 AgNO<\/span>3<\/span>\/NH<\/span>3<\/span> hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi Tollens. V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e2ng cao l\u00e0 [Ag(NH<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>]OH. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 AgNO<\/span>3<\/span> + NH<\/span>3<\/span> + H<\/span>2<\/span>O.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: AgNO<\/span>3<\/span> + 3NH<\/span>3<\/span> + H<\/span>2<\/span>O \u2192 [Ag(NH<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>]OH + NH<\/span>4<\/span>NO<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau khi tham gia <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b> s\u1ebd cho ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng b\u1ea1c <\/span>c\u1ee7a an\u0111ehit, axit fomic.<\/span><\/p>\n

An\u0111ehit<\/b><\/p>\n

An\u0111ehit l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t trong h\u00f3a h\u1eefu c\u01a1, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c cacbaldehyd: R-CHO. Khi tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

RCHO + 2[Ag(NH<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>]OH \u2192 RCOONH<\/span>4<\/span> + 2Ag + 3NH<\/span>3<\/span> + H<\/span>2<\/span>O<\/span><\/p>\n

RCHO + 2AgNO<\/span>3<\/span> + 3NH<\/span>3<\/span> + H<\/span>2<\/span>O \u2192 RCOONH<\/span>4<\/span> + 2Ag + 2NH<\/span>4<\/span>NO<\/span>3<\/span><\/p>\n

RCHO + Ag<\/span>2<\/span>O \u2192 RCOOH + 2Ag<\/span><\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang metanal c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

HCHO + 4[Ag(NH<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>]OH \u2192 (NH<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>CO<\/span>3<\/span> + 4Ag + 2H<\/span>2<\/span>O + 6NH<\/span>3<\/span><\/p>\n

HCHO + AgNO<\/span>3<\/span> + NH<\/span>3<\/span> + H<\/span>2<\/span>O \u2192 (NH<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>CO<\/span>3<\/span> + NH<\/span>4<\/span>NO<\/span>3<\/span> + Ag<\/span><\/p>\n

HCHO + 2Ag<\/span>2<\/span>O \u2192 4Ag + CO<\/span>2<\/span> + H<\/span>2<\/span>O<\/span><\/p>\n

Axit fomic \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Axit fomic l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng axit cacboxylic \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 CH<\/span>2<\/span>O<\/span>2<\/span> ho\u1eb7c HCOOH. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a axit fomic l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

HCOOH + 2[Ag(NH<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>]OH \u2192 (NH<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>CO<\/span>3<\/span> + 2Ag + 2NH<\/span>3<\/span> + H<\/span>2<\/span>O<\/span><\/p>\n

HCOOH + AgNO<\/span>3<\/span> + NH<\/span>3<\/span> + H<\/span>2<\/span>O \u2192 (NH<\/span>4<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>CO<\/span>3<\/span> + Ag + NH<\/span>4<\/span>NO<\/span>3<\/span><\/p>\n

Ag<\/span>2<\/span>O + HCOOH \u2192 2Ag + H<\/span>2<\/span>O + CO<\/span>2<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b> v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o th\u00ec sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, Ag l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i t\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b><\/h2>\n

\"phan-ung-trang-guong-2\"<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra khi v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 khi trong h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c -CHO hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m an\u0111ehit trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

+ An\u0111ehit<\/span><\/p>\n

+ Este ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Acid Formic<\/span><\/p>\n

+ Acid Formic (HCOOH)<\/span><\/p>\n

+ 1 v\u00e0i Glucid nh\u01b0 Glucose, Fructose (trong ki\u1ec1m chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Glucose), Mantose.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: D\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng andehit RCHO, glucoz\u01a1 (C<\/span>6<\/span>H<\/span>12<\/span>O<\/span>6<\/span> c\u00f3 5 nh\u00f3m OH v\u00e0 1 nh\u00f3m CHO) v\u00e0 mantoz\u01a1 (C<\/span>12<\/span>H<\/span>22<\/span>O<\/span>11<\/span> g\u1ed3m 2 g\u1ed1c glucoz\u01a1), hay fructoz\u01a1 khi b\u1ecb th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec1m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng. B\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc sao cho \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi AgNO<\/span>3<\/span>\/NH<\/span>3<\/span> ngo\u00e0i andehit th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 ank-1-in. V\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a v\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1eadp \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tham kh\u1ea3o<\/b><\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t tham gia <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b>. V\u00e0 nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, ch\u1ec9 xem \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n sau khi l\u00e0m xong nh\u00e9. C\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 nh\u1edb l\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 1 (\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u1ed1i A – 2007): D\u00e3y g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch AgNO<\/span>3<\/span>\/NH<\/span>3<\/span> l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

Axit fomic, propin, vinyl axetilen,<\/span><\/p>\n

Andehit fomic, etilen, axetilen<\/span><\/p>\n

Andehit axetic, but-1-ankin, etylen<\/span><\/p>\n

Andehit axetic, but-2-in, axetilen<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: A. Axit fomic, propin, vinyl axetilen.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 2 (\u0110\u1ec1 thi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u1ed1i B – n\u0103m 2008): Cho d\u00e3y c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t: C<\/span>2<\/span>H<\/span>2<\/span>, HCOOH, CH<\/span>3<\/span>CHO, HCHO, (CH<\/span>3<\/span>)<\/span>2<\/span>CO v\u00e0 C<\/span>12<\/span>H<\/span>22<\/span>O<\/span>11<\/span> (mantoz\u01a1). S\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

A) 3 \u2192 B)<\/span>5 \u2192 C)<\/span>6 \u2192 D)4<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e2u\u00a0 D. 4.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 3: C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong d\u00e3y n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y khi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch AgNO<\/span>3 <\/span>\/NH<\/span>3 <\/span>d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a:<\/span><\/p>\n

An\u0111ehit axetic, xenluloz\u01a1, mantoz\u01a1, fructoz\u01a1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Glucoz\u01a1, an\u0111ehit axetic, metyl fomat, saccaroz\u01a1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110ivinyl, glucoz\u01a1, tinh b\u1ed9t, metyl fomat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vinylaxetilen, metyl fomiat, axit fomic, glucoz\u01a1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: D. Vinylaxetilen, metyl fomiat, axit fomic, glucoz\u01a1.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u 4 (\u0110\u1ec1 thi \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u1ed1i A – n\u0103m 2009): D\u00e3y g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng b\u1ea1c sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

Glucozo, axit fomic, mantozo, glixerol.<\/span><\/p>\n

Glucozo, andehit axetic, axit fomic, mantozo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fructozo, saccarozo, Glucozo, mantozo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fructozo, axit fomic Glucozo, glixerol.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e1p \u00e1n: B. Glucozo, andehit axetic, axit fomic, mantozo.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"phan-ung-trang-guong-3\"<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 <\/span>ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b>, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o nh\u00e9!.<\/span> Trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp theo, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i to\u00e1n nh\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. B\u1edfi n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb, l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Do \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng ai ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft, nh\u1edd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ru\u1ed9t ph\u00edch b\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea5m c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c xung quanh ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4575,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"kbtopic":[764],"kbtag":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/4574"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4574"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kb\/4574\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4575"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4574"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"kbtopic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kbtopic?post=4574"},{"taxonomy":"kbtag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bacdau.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kbtag?post=4574"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}